Here's what www.rpm.org has to say about RPM:
The RPM Package Manager (RPM) is a powerful command line driven package management system capable of installing, uninstalling, verifying, querying, and updating computer software packages. Each software package consists of an archive of files along with information about the package like its version, a description, and the like. There is also a library API, permitting advanced developers to manage such transactions from programming languages such as C or Python.
With that bit of knowledge about RPM let me assure you that even a non-programmer would be doing a lot on his Linux machine that needs him to know basic rpm usage.
Like: 1) rpm -ivh
2) rpm -Uvh
3) rpm -e
4) rpm -Uvh --test
Now, there's a hell lot of information on how to do things with RPM at:
Maximum RPM
Just so that I can remember some useful but difficult-to-find-when-you-need'em options, I've tried to put up a collection here:
RPM Querying: Get Info from installed Packages
To see a list of all installed packages: rpm -qa | less
Don't know what a specific installed package does? Hey, tell me about yourself:
rpm -qi
To know what files were installed by a specific installed package: rpm -ql
A similar thing is also achievable by: rpm -q --filesbypkg
To know the config files in an installed package: rpm -qc
There's a file on my comp /usr/lib/foo-lib. To find out which installed package it belongs to: rpm -qf /usr/lib/foo-lib
To find out which package installed the above file AND to get information on that package and see all the other files it installed: rpm -qilf /usr/lib/foo-lib
The scripts in a package: rpm -q --scripts
Services that this package provides: rpm -q --provides
Services that this package requires: rpm -q --requires
For pkg that has NOT been installed yet, we can query for similar information by adding the -p option to the commands listed above.
Get information about an RPM pkg (not yet installed) and the files it would install: rpm -qilp
Verify options:
To verify a package (with lots of verbose output): rpm -Vvv
To verify the cryptographic signature of a yet-to-be-installed package:
rpm -K
And to test the integrity of a yet-to-be-installed pkg: rpm -K --nopgp package.rpm
To verify ALL installed packages on the comp: rpm -Va
Imp Tip: The above command is also useful in the following scenarios:
1) You deleted some files accidently but you don't know what they are. The above rpm command can show you the files that are now missing in its database.
2) Think you've been hacked? To check for files that have been modified or removed in any way for any installed RPM packages.
To extract an individual file from an rpm package without installing the rpm:
1. Use rpm2cpio or rpm -qpl to list files and full paths in the package:
rpm2cpio package | cpio -t
Now, use the full path name of a file listed above to extract it in step 2.
2. Use rpm2cpio to extract a file. Run this command from your home directory or /tmp in order to avoid overwriting any current system files.
rpm2cpio package | cpio -iv --make-directories
This creates the full path in the current directory and extracts the file you specified.
3. If you just want to convert it to a cpio archive, use
rpm2cpio package > cpio-archive-file
To extract all the files from an RPM package:
rpm2cpio package | cpio -i --make-directories
Although there are a lot of other useful options, I'll have these most useful ones for now on this page.
Some imp links for rpm options:
http://dave.thehorners.com/content/view/111/65/
http://susefaq.sourceforge.net/articles/rpm.html
I would be interested to know some scenarios where we use a complex set of options to determine more practical information on rpm installs.
Also one good link (place holder for me) about un-installing a gnu-source compiled program:
http://blog.netotto.com/index.php?entry=entry071020-232245
5 comments:
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